Anti-collision protocols are also referred to as multiple access protocols or simply anti-collision in English. Anti-collision describes a set of procedures that enable tags to communicate simultaneously while preventing the overlapping of multiple different signals. The anti-collision protocol regulates the sequence and timing of responses, for example, through randomly distributed transmission of these responses, allowing the receiver to read each tag individually. The performance of anti-collision protocols is measured in "tags per second." There are four fundamental types of anti-collision protocols.

4 TYPES OF ANTI-COLLISION PROTOCOLS

1. Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA): Distances, range, antenna type, and positioning are configured
2. Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA): Access time is divided among participants
3. Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA): Different frequencies are utilized
4. Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)

ANTI-COLLISION PROTOCOLS IN RFID APPLICATIONS

In RFID technology, the following anti-collision protocols are typically employed:

• Slotted ALOHA: A variant of the ALOHA protocol from the 1970s (Aloha Networks, Hawaii). ALOHA served as the inspiration for the Ethernet protocol and is a TDMA-based method.
• Adaptive Binary Tree: This method uses binary search to locate a specific tag within a population.
• Slotted Terminal Adaptive Collection (STAC): Very similar to the ALOHA protocol but considerably more complex.
• EPC UHF Class I Gen 2: This is a singulation protocol.

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